Clinical assessment of inflammatory bowel disease activity: a critical overview

Authors

  • Adam Fabisiak Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  • Natalia Murawska Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  • Anna Mokrowiecka Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  • Ewa Małecka-Panas Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  • Jakub Fichna Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20883/medical.e26

Keywords:

disease activity index, disease classification, endoscopic and histopathological changes

Abstract

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which belong to the group of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Over the last eighty years the overview of IBD has evolved, along with disease symptom recognition, hypotheses on etiology and recommendations for clinical treatment. This review focuses on the clinical aspects of IBD throughout the years and discusses the most recent and future concepts in IBD diagnosis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ng SC, Bernstein CN, Vatn MH, Lakatos PL, Loftus EV Jr, Tysk C et al. Geographical variability and environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2013 Apr;62(4):630–649.

Leśniowki A. Przyczynek do chirurgii kiszek. Warszawa: Medycyna; 1903. p. 460–464, 483–489, 514–518.

Crohn BB, Ginzburg L, Oppenheimer GD. Regional ileitis; a pathologic and clinical entity. Am J Med. 1952 Nov;13(5):583–590.

Wilks S, Moxon W. Lectures on Pathological Anatomy 2nd ed. London, Churchill; 2013. p. 408–672.

Manichanh C, Borruel N, Casellas F, Guarner F. The gut microbiota in IBD. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012 Oct;9(10):599–608.

Lapaquette P, Brest P, Hofman P, Darfeuille-Michaud A. Etiology of Crohn's disease: many roads lead to autophagy. J Mol Med (Berl). 2012 Sep;90(9):987–996.

Gasche C, Scholmerich J, Brynskov J, D'Haens G, Hanauer SB, Irvine EJ et al. A simple classification of Crohn's disease: report of the Working Party for the World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna 1998. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2000 Feb;6(1):8–15.

Louis E, Collard A, Oger A, Degroote E, El Yafi FAN, Belaiche J. Behaviour of Crohn’s disease according to the Vienna classification: changing pattern over the course of the disease. Gut. 2001;49(6):777–782.

Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF. The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. Gut. 2006 Jun;55(6):749–753.

Levine A, Griffiths A, Markowitz J, Wilson DC, Turner D, Russell RK, et al. Pediatric modification of the Montreal classification for inflammatory bowel disease: the Paris classification. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2011 Jun;17(6):1314–1321.

Van Limbergen J, Russell RK, Drummond HE, Aldhous MC, Round NK, Nimmo ER et al. Definition of phenotypic characteristics of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2008 Oct;135(4):1114–1122.

Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW. Rederived values of the eight coefficients of the Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI]. Gastroenterology. 1979 Oct;77(4 Pt 2):843–846.

Harvey RF, Bradshaw JM. A simple index of Crohn's-disease activity. Lancet. 1980 Mar 8;1(8167):514.

Hyams JS, Ferry GD, Mandel FS, Gryboski JD, Kibort PM, Kirschner BS et al. Development and validation of a pediatric Crohn's disease activity index. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1991 May;12(4):439–447.

Ryzko J, Woynarowski M. Use of a scoring index for evaluating disease activity of Leśniowski-Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis in children. Pediatr Pol. 1995 Jul;70(7):585–589.

Pikarsky AJ, Gervaz P, Wexner SD. Perianal Crohn disease: a new scoring system to evaluate and predict outcome of surgical intervention. Arch Surg. 2002 Jul;137(7): 774–777.

Truelove SC, Witts LJ. Cortisone in ulcerative colitis; final report on a therapeutic trial. Br Med J. Br Med J. 1955 Oct 29;2(4947):1041–8.

Powell-Tuck J, Bown RL, Lennard-Jones JE. A comparison of oral prednisolone given as single or multiple daily doses for active proctocolitis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1978;13(7):833–837.

Powell-Tuck J, Day DW, Buckell NA, Wadsworth J, Lennard-Jones JE. Correlations between defined sigmoidoscopic appearances and other measures of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci. 1982 Jun;27(6):533–537.

Schroeder KW, Tremaine WJ, Ilstrup DM. Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study. N Engl J Med. 1987 Dec 24;317(26):1625–1629.

Feagan BG, Greenberg GR, Wild G, Fedorak RN, Paré P, McDonald JW et al. Treatment of ulcerative colitis with a humanized antibody to the alpha4beta7 integrin. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jun 16;352(24):2499–2507.

Sutherland LR, Martin F, Greer S, Robinson M, Greenberger N, Saibil F et al. 5-Aminosalicylic acid enema in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis, and proctitis. Gastroenterology. 1987 Jun;92(6):1894–1898.

Rachmilewitz D. Coated mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) versus sulphasalazine in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a randomised trial. BMJ. 1989 Jan 14;298(6666):82–6.

Seo M, Okada M, Yao T et al. An index of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992;87:971–976.

Seo M, Okada M, Yao T, Ueki M, Arima S, Okumura M. Correlation between endoscopic severity and the clinical activity index in ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992 Aug;87(8):971–976.

Lichtiger S, Present DH. Preliminary report: cyclosporin in treatment of severe active ulcerative colitis. Lancet. 1990 Jul 7;336(8706):16–19.

Lémann M, Galian A, Rutgeerts P, Van Heuverzwijn R, Cortot A, Viteau JM, et al. Comparison of budesonide and 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Oct;9(5):557–562.

Walmsley RS, Ayres RC, Pounder RE, Allan RN. A simple clinical colitis activity index. Gut. 1998 Jul;43(1):29–32.

Turner D, Otley AR, Mack D, Hyams J, de Bruijne J, Uusoue K et al. Development, validation, and evaluation of a pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index: a prospective multicenter study. Gastroenterology. 2007 Aug;133(2):423–432.

Turner D, Hyams J, Markowitz J, Lerer T, Mack DR, Evans J et al. Appraisal of the pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI). Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009 Aug;15(8):1218–1223.

Turner D, Griffiths AM, Steinhart AH, Otley AR, Beaton DE. Mathematical weighting of a clinimetric index (Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index) was superior to the judgmental approach. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Jul;62(7):738–744.

Turner D, Seow CH, Greenberg GR, Griffiths AM, Silverberg MS, Steinhart AH. A systematic prospective comparison of noninvasive disease activity indices in ulcerative colitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Oct;7(10):1081–1088.

Maratka Z. Inflammatory bowel disease. In: Differential diagnosis in gastrointestinal endoscopy. 1st ed. Prague: Charles University Press, Karolinum Press; 2003.

Mary JY, Modigliani R. Development and validation of an endoscopic index of the severity for Crohn's disease: a prospective multicentre study. Groupe d'Etudes Therapeutiques des Affections Inflammatoires du Tube Digestif [GETAID]. Gut. 1989 Jul;30(7):983–989.

Daperno M, D'Haens G, Van Assche G, Baert F, Bulois P, Maunoury V et al. Development and validation of a new, simplified endoscopic activity score for Crohn's disease: the SES-CD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004 Oct;60(4):505–512.

Mishkin DS, Chuttani R, Croffie J, Disario J, Liu J, Shah R et al. ASGE Technology Status Evaluation Report: wireless capsule endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Apr;63(4):539–545.

Munoz-Navas M. Capsule endoscopy. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Apr 7;15(13):1584–1586.

Gralnek IM, Defranchis R, Seidman E, Leighton JA, Legnani P, Lewis BS. Development of a capsule endoscopy scoring index for small bowel mucosal inflammatory change. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jan 15;27(2):146–154.

Baron JH, Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JE. Variation between observers in describing mucosal appearances in proctocolitis. Br Med J. 1964 Jan 11;1(5375):89–92.

Samuel S, Bruining DH, Loftus EV Jr, Thia KT, Schroeder KW, Tremaine WJ et al. Validation of the ulcerative colitis colonoscopic index of severity and its correlation with disease activity measures. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jan;11(1):49–54.

Travis SP, Schnell D, Krzeski P, Abreu MT, Altman DG, Colombel JF et al. Developing an instrument to assess the endoscopic severity of ulcerative colitis: the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). Gut. 2012 Apr;61(4):535–542.

Travis SP, Schnell D, Krzeski P, Abreu MT, Altman DG, Colombel JF et al. Reliability and initial validation of the ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity. Gastroenterology. 2013 Nov;145(5):987–995.

Neumann H, Neurath MF. Ulcerative colitis: UCCIS--a reproducible tool to assess mucosal healing. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012 Dec;9(12):692–694.

Magro F, Langner C, Driessen A, Ensari A, Geboes K, Mantzaris GJ et al. European consensus on the histopathology of inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2013 Nov;7(10):827–851.

Riley SA, Mani V, Goodman MJ, Dutt S, Herd ME. Microscopic activity in ulcerative colitis: what does it mean? Gut. 1991 Feb;32(2):174–178.

D'Haens GR, Geboes K, Peeters M, Baert F, Penninckx F, Rutgeerts P. Early lesions of recurrent Crohn's disease caused by infusion of intestinal contents in excluded ileum. Gastroenterology. 1998 Feb;114(2):262–267.

Geboes K, Riddell R, Ost A, Jensfelt B, Persson T, Löfberg R. A reproducible grading scale for histological assessment of inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Gut. 2000 Sep;47(3):404–409.

Florholmen J, Fries W. Candidate mucosal and surrogate biomarkers of inflammatory bowel disease in the era of new technology. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2011 Dec;46(12):1407–1417.

Peeters M, Joossens S, Vermeire S, Vlietinck R, Bossuyt X, Rutgeerts P. Diagnostic value of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001 Mar;96(3):730–734.

Yamamoto T, Shiraki M, Bamba T, Umegae S, Matsumoto K. Fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin as predictors of relapse in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis during maintenance therapy. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2014 Apr;29(4):485–91.

Lasson A, Simrén M, Stotzer PO, Isaksson S, Ohman L, Strid H. Fecal calprotectin levels predict the clinical course in patients with new onset of ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013 Mar;19(3):576–581.

Ferrante M, Colombel JF, Sandborn WJ, Reinisch W, Mantzaris GJ, Kornbluth A et al. Validation of endoscopic activity scores in patients with Crohn's disease based on a post hoc analysis of data from SONIC. Gastroenterology. 2013 Nov;145(5):978–986.

Kaul A, Hutfless S, Liu L, Bayless TM, Marohn MR, Li X. Serum anti-glycan antibody biomarkers for inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis and progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012 Oct;18(10):1872–1884.

Shaw S, Blanchard JF, Bernstein CN. Association between the use of antibiotics and new diagnoses of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Dec;106(12):2133–2142.

Downloads

Published

2015-06-30

Issue

Section

Review Papers

How to Cite

1.
Fabisiak A, Murawska N, Mokrowiecka A, Małecka-Panas E, Fichna J. Clinical assessment of inflammatory bowel disease activity: a critical overview. JMS [Internet]. 2015 Jun. 30 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];84(2):113-25. Available from: https://jmsnew.ump.edu.pl/index.php/JMS/article/view/26